What's in Restylane or Perlane? Here's a synopsis.

Radiesse

1.3 cc syringe, active ingredient is 30% "powdered synthetic bone"
Very good for nasolabial folds, cheekbones, jaw lines. Not good for lips. Lasts about 3-6 months after the 1st treatment, about 12-18 months after the second treatment. Considered "semi permanent" because the collagen that it stimulates will last for years after the product has dissolved. Cannot be dissolved with any chemicals such as Hyaluronidase. Can also be used on the backs of the hands.

Restylane

1.0 cc syringe, made out of cross linked Hyaluronic acid.
Lasts about 6 months. Tends to absorb a little water, which causes some temporary swelling. Good for nasolabial folds, lips, mild to moderate wrinkles. It can be dissolved with Hyaluronidase. Lasts from 3-12 months; 6 months is about average.

Perlane

1.0 cc syringe, similar to Restylane
The "particle size" in the Perlane is larger, which makes the Perlane thicker. It tends to be used for deeper wrinkles and contouring. It is very good for deep nasolabial folds, straightening the jaw line. It can be dissolved with Hyaluronidase. Lasts 3-12 months; 6-9 months is about average.

Juvederm Ultra ( Juvederm 24 HV outside the US)

0.8 cc syringe, similar to Restylane
Injects very smoothly and tends to flow nicely under the skin. Very good for lip enhancement. Absorbs a little less water than Restylane so there is a little less swelling, which may be important in the lips. Even though the syringe is smaller, there is a higher concentration of Hyaluronic acid in the material which gives it about the same amount of Hyaluronic Acid as Restylane. It can be dissolved with Hyaluronidase. Lasts 3-12 months; average is about 9 months, less in the lips.

Juvederm Ultra Plus (aka Juvederm 30 HV in other countries)

0.8 cc syringe, similar to Juvederm Ultra, but 20% thicker
Very good for deep nasolabial folds. Softer than Radiesse, less likely to leave a palpable lump in the skin.

Sculptra

One vial can produce 6-10 cc of material.
Comes as a powder, must be mixed with water and local anesthetic at least 2 hours prior to use, preferably mixed 24 hours prior to use. The initial effect only lasts for a few days. The fluid is absorbed, but the powder is left behind. The powder causes the skin to get thicker. 3-6 treatments, space 1-2 months apart, are needed. Vigorous massaging is needed 5 times per day for a few weeks after the material is injected (this is done by the patient at home). Very good for replacing lost volume in the cheeks.